As part of the 100th Air Refueling Wing the 351^st Air Refueling Squadron (ARS)  is the USAFE’s only air refueling squadron, composed of 15 permanently assigned KC-135Rs. It is responsible for U.S. aerial refueling operations conducted throughout the European theater.

The wing has been bestowed by the Air Force with the lineage, honors, and history of the 100^th Bomb Group. One of these honors is that it is the only modern American operational wing allowed to bear the sign of a Second World War squadron. This consists of the "D" on the tail as reference to the World War Two code used by the 100th Bomb Group's B-17 Flying Fortresses.

The 351^st ARS was originally constituted as the 351st Bombardment Squadron (BS) on 28 January 1942. It activated on 1 June 1942 at Orlando AB, Florida and was assigned to the 100th Bombardment Group, flying the B-17 Flying Fortress.

The squadron relocated to Thorpe, UK, on 2 June 1943. Thereafter, the unit saw combat in the European Theater of Operations from 25 June 1943 to 20 April 1945. During that period, the squadron was redesignated as the 351^st BS, Heavy, on 20 August 1943. Leaving England on 9 December 1945 to return to the United States, the 351^st inactivated on 15 December 1945 at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey.

Redesignated as the 351^st BS, Very Heavy, on 3 July 1947, the unit activated in the Reserve on 17 July 1947 at Orlando AAB (later, AFB) and assigned to the 100^th Bombardment Group. It inactivated on 27 June 1949. Redesignated as the 351^st BS, Medium, on 1 August 1955, the squadron activated on 1 January 1956 at Portsmouth (later, Pease) AFB, New Hampshire. Assigned to the 100^th BW, the 351^st operated the B-47 and was tasked with a Global strategic bombardment mission. The unit deployed to RAF Brize Norton, UK, from 7 January-4 April 1958. It was discontinued and inactivated, on 25 June 1966.

Redesignated as the 351^st ARS on 26 March 1992, it reactivated on 31 March 1992 at RAF Mildenhall, UK. Assigned to the 100^th Air Refueling Wing, the 351^st operates the KC-135R and is tasked with conducting aerial refueling operations.

The unit operates throughout an area of responsibility of more than 20 million square miles, providing air refueling, aeromedical evacuation, and airlift missions for US and NATO fighter, bomber, support, and reconnaissance aircraft in the airspace over the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa and Southwest Asia.